The concentrations of CO₂ were measured by the supercontinuum laser at normal temperature and variable temperature accurately in this paper. The absorption spectra of CO₂ at different concentrations (1.2%—9.0%) were measured in the wavelength range of 1 425—1 445 nm under the optical path of 26.4 m at 293 K and 1 atm. The experimental results showed that the positions of the primary and secondary absorption peaks (1 432 nm, 1 437 nm) were consistent with the HITRAN database. A linear model of concentration and signal intensity at 1 432 nm was established. The maximum relative error of the concentration measurement was 3.3%. The line intensities of 99.9% CO₂ in the 1 425—1 445 nm at different temperatures (298—373 K, interval of 15 K) were measured. The influence of temperature changes on the concentration measurement result was corrected and the relative error of the concentration measurement was reduced to 1.4%. Finally, the source of the uncertainty of the entire spectrum measurement system was analyzed and evaluated. This paper demonstrate that the supercontinuum laser can achieve the long-distance measurement of the CO₂ under normal temperature or variable temperature environment accurately, which provide an important reference for the long-distance gas detection on site and simultaneous detection of multi-component gases.

When measured by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, the characteristic parameters of the plasma fluctuate significantly with the experimental parameters, which would have a greater impact on the quantitative measurement. The effects of two experimental parameters, lens to sample distance (LTSD) and delay time, on plasma temperature and electron density were analyzed. Thereafter the optimal LTSD and delay time for quantitative analysis of Pb and Ni in soil were identified. Two element calibration curves were calculated by the internal standard method under the optimal LTSD and delay time. About the two elements, correlation coefficient of the calibration curves is above 0.993. The maximum relative standard deviation (RSD) were 4.47% and 4.76%, respectively, and the maximum relative errors were 12% and 4.8%, respectively. The experimental results showed that laser induced breakdown spectroscopy method in combination with plasma characteristic parameter analysis shows the advantage on quantitative analysis of heavy metals in soil.

可调谐激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)由于其高灵敏度、 高选择性等优势广泛用于痕量气体检测领域。 然而其测量结果容易受到目标气体压力波动的影响, 特别是在大气环境下尤为明显, 现有方法多为在现场安装压力传感器, 对测量结果进行校正。 提出了一种无需压力传感装置的气体浓度修正方法。 选取碰撞展宽占主导地位的气体吸收谱线, 分别建立谱线展宽与波长调制光谱一次谐波(WMS-1f)信号的峰谷值间距和二次谐波(WMS-2f)过零点间距的解析表达式, 通过测量一次谐波峰谷值间距或二次谐波过零点间距直接得到被测气体压强, 进而利用波长调制光谱一次谐波归一化的二次谐波(WMS-2f/1f)技术补偿测量环境中压力波动对气体浓度测量结果的影响。 实验以浓度为1 980 mg·m-3的CO2为目标气体, 选取其位于4 989.97 cm-1的吸收作为目标谱线, 在大气压附近进行不同调制深度的变压力测量实验, 通过实验分析了压强变化对二氧化碳吸收谱线谐波信号的影响, 利用一次谐波峰谷值间距和二次谐波过零点间距分别反演了气体压强, 并与气体压强传感器测得的压强数据进行对比, 压强偏差在1%以内, 验证了通过谐波间距解析表达式计算压强的正确性及通过测量谐波间距对浓度补偿的可行性。 最后利用WMS-2f/1f技术和通过谐波间距测得的压强数据对气体浓度进行压强补偿修正, 结果表明通过测量谐波间距修正后的浓度与通过高精度压力表补偿后浓度相比误差小于2%, 与通过谐波间距推导得出的压力不确定度(小于2%)一致, 验证了该方法的可行性和有效性, 进一步提高了TDLAS技术在压强波动较大环境下进行气体浓度检测的测量精度。 利用谐波间距对气体浓度补偿的方法无需额外的气体压力传感器, 简单易行, 特别适合于大气环境中气体成分的高灵敏高精度开放光路遥测, 也可用于气体浓度和压强的同时测量。

A differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) method is presented and used for the air pollutant detection. The novel measurement frame employs a Cassegrain telescope and a combined fiber bundle. The emitting and receiving fibers are bundled together at one port. The common port is placed at the focus of the Cassegrain telescope. The total length of the prototype is reduced to about 1/2 of the traditional one. Air pollutants of SO₂, NO₂ and O₃ are monitored by the prototype, and the concentrations are inverted. Results show that the correlation coefficients are 0.9490, 0.9614 and 0.9301, respectively. And there is a good consistency between the measured results and the reference data.

A novel white-bluish emitting phosphor of Ba_0.49Sr_0.49)_2-B₂P₂O₁₀:0.02Eu²⁺is synthesized by the solid state reaction. Ba_0.49Sr_0.49)_2-B₂P₂O₁₀:0.02Eu²⁺can be effectively excited by 370 nm ultraviolet (UV) light, and exhibits two emission bands at 430 nm and 522 nm which are attributed to the d-f transitions of the Eu2+ ions in two different cation sites in the host lattices. And the chromaticity coordinate of Ba_0.49Sr_0.49)_2-B₂P₂O₁₀:0.02Eu²⁺phosphor is (0.29, 0.25).

A series of Ce³⁺ , Tb³⁺ or Ce³⁺ /Tb³⁺ doped YAl₃(BO₃)₄ phosphors are synthesized by a high temperature solid-state reaction, and their luminescent properties are investigated. YAl₃(BO₃)₄:Ce³⁺ shows a broad emission band at 422 nm under the 367 nm radiation excitation. YAl₃(BO₃)₄:Tb³⁺ can be efficiently excited by the ultraviolet (UV) light, and produces green emission. The emission intensity of YAl₃(BO₃)₄:Tb³⁺ can be enhanced by adjusting Tb³⁺ doped content, and reaches the maximum at 0.06 mol Tb³⁺. When Ce³⁺ is codoped, the emission intensity of Tb3+ in YAl₃(BO₃)₄ can be enhanced, but the commission international del’eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of YAl₃(BO₃)₄:Tb³⁺ have almost no change. Moreover, the energy transfer from Ce³⁺ to Tb³⁺ in YAl₃(BO₃)₄ is studied.

利用差分光学吸收光谱(DOAS)技术对空气中污染气体的浓度进行实时监测时, 测量结果的准确度会受到环境温度变化的影响。 为此, 提出了通过二维相关光谱技术优选波长来提高DOAS测量中温度鲁棒性的方法。 通过对不同温度下SO2的吸收截面进行二维相关分析, 得到了动态吸收截面同步相关谱对角线的自助峰, 据此分析了不同波长下吸收截面随温度变化的敏感程度, 进而优选出最佳反演波长范围300.5～310 nm。 在将波长优选前后现场的测量结果和参考值进行对比时显示: 采用优选波长前后24 h的平均测量误差由22.5%减小至9.9%, 测量值和参考值的相关系数由0.780 8提高到了0.949 6。 结果表明, 二维相关光谱和DOAS技术相结合, 可以准确测量污染气体浓度。

介绍了可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)原理和实验系统, 并对系统噪声进行了分析; 以体积比浓度为90×10-6和30×10-6的NH3为例, 利用TDLAS系统采集了该浓度气体的二次谐波原始光谱。 为改善光谱信号, 分别用五种数字滤波方法对原始光谱进行了滤波处理比较, 做了NH3的浓度梯度实验并对浓度为20×10-6 NH3进行了长时间监测实验。 实验结果表明, 算术平均-小波变换滤波相比其他方法更有效地对原始光谱信号进行了改善, 提高了系统信噪比和信号平滑度, 使系统浓度检测限由原来的10×10-6降低到1.25×10-6, 信噪比提高了约14倍, 为逃逸氨极低浓度检测提供了一种较为有效的数据预处理方法。

应用蛋白质组学方法揭示植物与微生物的互作机制是当前植物病理学研究的热点之一。结合水稻感染水稻条纹病毒后的蛋白质组学分析经验, 综述了蛋白质组学在水稻与微生物互作研究中的应用, 包括水稻与真菌、细菌、病毒互作的蛋白组学和突变体蛋白质组学。在总结研究现状的基础上, 提出了水稻与微生物互作的蛋白质组学研究中存在的问题, 并对该领域的发展前景进行展望。